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鍚荼壸
Yang Tu Kun
张之洞任两湖总督期间，下面一位候补知府的人拜见。张之洞好捉弄人，知道他是监生出身，就命令左右取来纸笔，写了“鍚荼壸"三个字，拿给来拜见的人问道:“做官是必须认字的，你认得这三个字吗?”那个人也不细看，张嘴就说:“这是“锡茶壶'!”张之洞听了哈哈大笑，立即要求送客。第二天就把那个人开除回原籍。开除的公文中说:“这个官员能认识‘锡茶壶’三个字，还可以培养，建议再读书五年，然后再来做官。”
When ZHANG Zhidong was governor general of Hu-Guang, a backup magistrate visited him. ZHANG Zhidong was fond of playing tricks on people and he knew that the magistrate was student of Imperial College before. He ordered the waiter to take paper and pen, and wrote three words “Yang Tu Kun” and asked the magistrate: “the officer must be literate and do you know these three words”? Without seeing carefully, the magistrate said that it was “Xi Cha Hu”! After hearing this, ZHANG Zhidong roared with laughter and asked the waiter to see the visitor out immediately. On the next day, he dismissed the magistrate. According to the official document of dismission, the magistrate knew the words “Xi Cha Hu” and could be cultivated, so he was suggested to read for more five years to become official.
用“鍚荼壸”三个字试人的学问其实是为难人，相传这位倒霉的官员品行不端，张之洞是有意刁难。在“錫茶壶”三个字上各加一横，变成了“鍚荼壸”。第一个字音“养”，意思是古代挂在马额头上的金属饰物。第三个字音“捆”， 意为古时王宫内的道路，引申为内宫、闺阁。
Checking one’s knowledge with three words “Yang Tu Kun” really makes people feel awkward. According to the legend, this unfortunate official had improper behavior, so ZHANG Zhi deliberately made difficulties for him. Add one line on each word of “Xi Cha Hu”, and they become “Yang Tu Kun”. The first word was called as “Yang” and it refers to metal ornament on the forehead of horse in ancient times. The third word was called as “Kun” and it meant the road in palace in ancient times, which had extended meanings as interior palace and boudoir.
这个故事被记录在《清碑类钞》中，“望文生义”，倒也成了茶事中的一例趣谈。
This story was recorded in Qingbei Leichao, catching the meaning of words literally from the context becomes an interesting story about tea.
作者介绍
潘城，浙江嘉兴人。汉语国际推广茶文化传播基地副秘书长，浙江农林大学茶文化学院系副主任，杭州中国茶都品牌促进会副秘书长，茶空间设计师、茶艺术策展人、作家。师承茶文化学者、第五届茅盾文学奖得主王旭烽教授，致力于茶文学艺术研究、茶文化艺术呈现以及茶文化国际传播。曾主创大型茶文化舞台艺术呈现《中国茶谣》，执行导演大型茶文化话剧《六羡歌》等。赴意大利、塞尔维亚、俄罗斯等多国进行茶文化讲学与交流。
About author
PAN Cheng, from Jiaxing, Zhejiang. Deputy secretary general of Chinese International Promotion of Tea Culture Transmission Base, deputy director of Faculty of Tea Culture in Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, deputy secretary general of Hangzhou Tea Brand Promotion Association, tea space designer, tea art curator and writer. His master is professor WANG Xufeng, tea culture scholar and winner of The 5th Mao Dun Literature Award, who devotes to research on tea literature and tea, artistic presentation of tea culture and international spread of tea culture. He once created large-scale artistic presentation of tea culture on stage Chinese Tea Ballad and acted as director of large-scale drama of tea culture Song with Six Admirations, etc. Besides, he has gone to many countries to give lectures and make communication about tea culture, including Italy, Serbia and Russia, etc.
编辑：欧志杰、盘小虎
Edit：OU zhijie 、PAN xiaohu
